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Historical Correspondence in Order

28,373 pieces of historical correspondence written between -706 BCE and 1914 collated from 250 public domain sources in an email-like interface for iPhone.

An image of the app in the main letter list view, showing the search bar and random letter button at the bottom, the info and settings button at the top, and the list of correspondence with an index of years on the right that navigates to the first message of that year.


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Please read the accessibility and release notes below to understand the scope, limitations, and editorial philosophy of this project.

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Accessibility Notes

  • Some complex tables and illustrations may be difficult to navigate and/or interpret using VoiceOver.
  • If VoiceOver isn‘t active when the app is opened the reading scrolling position will not be restored if the app has been terminated.

Release Notes

Version 1.0

  • AI has been used for help with writing code, doing research for annotations, and for help with understanding certain texts but has not been used for processing the messages. Information found using AI has been checked via other sources.
  • While I have tried to avoid errors, the correspondence in this collection has been edited, including the removal of footnotes and some annotations, to try to reflect how they were originally sent, and re-formatted with additional annotations, and may contain mistakes, discrepancies or different interpretations than the original sources, or omissions, making it advisable to refer to the original texts for use in scholarship, journalism, etc. When viewing a letter, clicking the citation button (a quotation mark within a speech bubble) will open the digital text source on gutenberg.org which includes the bibliographical information needed to find a physical copy or digital scan. Some messages in some sources may not have been included due to lack of clarity concerning dates, being short extracts that are difficult to understand without more context, requiring research to include, etc.
  • The original sources may contain errors. While I’ve fixed them when I’ve noticed them the sources haven’t been systematically reviewed.
  • As the possible scope of this project is vast, I have limited the scope of this edition to messages occurring before December 31st, 1914 (corresponding to the start of WWI, the end of “The Long Nineteenth Century,” and what could be considered just beyond the edge of living memory) from a selection of 250 sources that are in mostly-modern (and hence mostly searchable) English, available as digital text on gutenberg.org, easily determined to be in the public domain worldwide based on all contributors having been deceased before 1952, and which would not require extensive research for inclusion. As such, this app should not be considered a comprehensive nor complete view of world history nor as a complete collection of the correspondence of any person included.
  • Correspondence may contain offensive language, including racial slurs and stereotypes, some letters may include descriptions of sexual activity or violence, and the collection includes correspondence by people who held offensive views. The only sources I have specifically left out are those which might be fictional, such as “Indiscreet Letters From Peking,” the letters of Robert E. Lee published by his son which presents an incomplete portrayal (as discussed in this Salon article by Glenn W. Lafantasie,) and a book on British history that referred to British people as a race. Some annotations have been added to sources known to have been edited, but may not have been added in all cases.
  • Search queries are truncated to the amount of full words that fit in 250 characters and currently search for exact words or phrases enclosed in quotes and cannot currently match alternative, abbreviated, contracted, unusually formatted, or archaic forms of words, related words or concepts, or dates formatted other than the way they are presented in the text. Some annotations have been added in parentheses to the to, from, location, etc. fields to make them more searchable, but may not have been added in all possible cases. Wildcard searches can be used to find multiple terms (i.e. “California*” for “California” or “Californian”) but other advanced search functionality is not supported.
  • While I have allowed for some leeway, correspondence is generally limited to letters, telegrams, memorials, petitions, and orders between two people or between defined groups. Reports that aren’t addressed to a defined recipient, memorandums, decrees, edicts, farmans, general protests, proclamations, circulars, testimonials, messages that knowingly never reached their recipient, etc. are generally not included, and I have generally left out messages written to the author of the book for the purpose of writing the book.
  • Messages with full dates are sorted by the date (most letters do not have the time of day so when it is available it is not used for sorting.) Messages with missing days and months appear at the end of the month and end of the year and are sorted by the name of the source and then by the order the message appears in the source. Letters without days that appear at the ends of the months or years may be out of order when reading a specific person.
  • Locations are only given when specifically noted in the source.
  • As these messages are compiled from sources published in the early 20th century or earlier they may diverge from current editions and translations.
  • Italic, bold, and superscript formatting has been removed from all to, from, location, etc. fields.
  • Footnotes have generally been removed, though in some cases I have added notes about dates, location, etc. included in the source or from Wikipedia to add context when applicable/possible, and occasionally I have edited names, locations, etc. in the metadata to make it easier to search. As I have not been able to do so in all cases searches may not always show all possible results and the person's title or relationship to the sender might not always be apparent without the context of the letter text or doing further research outside the application. While I have tried to ensure accuracy please consult other sources for use in scholarship, journalism, etc.
  • Endorsements and other text not written by the sender have generally been omitted.
  • Dates in non-Gregorian calendars are placed before the Gregorian date when they are included in the source. Julian dates have only been reconciled when they are noted in the source as being O.S. (for Old Style) or with double-dating (i.e. January 1st, 1696/7.) As this my not have been denoted in all sources it is possible that letters by writers in the UK written between 1582 (when Continental Europe adopted the Gregorian Calendar) and 1752 (when it was adopted by the UK) may be not be positioned correctly.
  • Images/illustrations have been removed and been replaced by descriptions, i.e. “[Musical Score]” where possible, or text-drawings if they were included in the digital text file.
  • Pieces of correspondence are noted as extracts when it's noted in the original source or when I was able to infer it from context and hence may not always be correct.

Updates

  • As I have already done work for possible future versions, I am currently not accepting submissions nor suggestions and am not interested in crowdsourcing, etc.
  • I may make versions for other platforms in the future but currently don't have a public timeline for doing so.

Sources

As the collection is based on sources released in the early 20th century and earlier, some titles of sources may include dated language or terms. Some sources might be the source of as few as one message while others may be the source of 500 or more.

Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, v. 1 of 3

Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, v. 2 of 3

Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, v. 3 of 3

Army Letters From an Officer’s Wife, 1871-1888

An Artist’s Letters From Japan

The Autobiography of Phineas Pett

The Bābur-nāma in English (Memoirs of Bābur)

Babylonian and Assyrian Laws, Contracts and Letters

Beethoven’s Letters 1790-1826, Vol. 1

Beethoven’s Letters 1790-1826, Vol. 2

Behind the Scenes; or, Thirty Years a Slave, and Four Years in the White House

Benjamin Franklin and the First Balloons

The Black Phalanx

Black Rebellion: Five Slave Revolts

Boswell’s Correspondence With the Honourable Andrew Erskine, and His Journal of a Tour to Corsica

The Brothers’ War

Captain Canot; or, Twenty Years of an African Slaver

The Casement Report

Charles Lever, His Life in His Letters, Vol. I

Charles Lever, His Life in His Letters, Vol. II

Colored Americans in the Wars of 1776 and 1812

The Complete Works of Robert Burns: Containing His Poems, Songs, and Correspondence

Copy of Letters Sent to Great-Britain by His Excellency Thomas Hutchinson, the Hon. Andrew Oliver, and Several Other Persons

The Correspondence of Madame, Princess Palatine, Mother of the Regent; of Marie-Adélaïde de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne; and of Madame de Maintenon, in Relation to Saint-Cyr

The Correspondence of Thomas Carlyle and Ralph Waldo Emerson, Vol I

The Correspondence of Thomas Carlyle and Ralph Waldo Emerson, Vol II

Correspondence of Wagner and Liszt, Volume 1

Correspondence of Wagner and Liszt, Volume 2

Diaries of Sir Moses and Lady Montefiore, Volume 1 (of 2)

Diaries of Sir Moses and Lady Montefiore, Volume 2 (of 2)

The Diary and Letters of Madame D’Arblay, Vol. 1

The Diary and Letters of Madame D’Arblay, Vol. 2

The Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson Compiled From Family Letters and Reminiscences

Early Letters of George Wm. Curtis

Eleanor Ormerod, LL. D., Economic Entomologist : Autobiography and Correspondence

The Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan

Familiar Letters of John Adams and His Wife Abigail Adams During the Revolution

Frederic Chopin, Vol. I

Frederic Chopin, Vol. II

Galileo Galilei and the Roman Curia

George Eliot’s Life, Vol. I

George Eliot’s Life, Vol. II

George Eliot’s Life, Vol. III

The George Sand-Gustave Flaubert Letters

Geronimo’s Story of His Life

Glimpses of Bengal

Great Indian Chief of the West; Or, Life and Adventures of Black Hawk

Harriet Martineau

An Historical Journal of the Transactions at Port Jackson and Norfolk Island

Historical Romance of the American Negro

History of a Six Weeks’ Tour Through a Part of France, Switzerland, Germany, and Holland: With Letters Descriptive of a Sail Round the Lake of Geneva, and of the Glaciers of Chamouni

History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, and Other Items of Interest

The History of the Negro Church

History of the Negro Race in America From 1619 to 1880, Vol. 2

The History of Woman Suffrage, Volume I

The History of Woman Suffrage, Volume II

The History of Woman Suffrage, Volume III

The History of Woman Suffrage, Volume IV

The History of Woman Suffrage, Volume V

The History of Woman Suffrage, Volume VI

Illustrated Edition of the Life and Escape of Wm. Wells Brown From American Slavery

In the Courts of Memory, 1858-1875; from Contemporary Letters

The Iron Furnace

Italian Letters of a Diplomat’s Wife: January-May, 1880; February-April, 1904

The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 1: Acadia, 1610-1613

The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 2: Acadia, 1612-1614

The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 3: Acadia, 1611-1616

The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 4: Acadia and Quebec, 1616-1629

The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 6: Quebec, 1633-1634

The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 7: Quebec, Hurons, Cape Breton, 1634-1635

John Woolman’s Journal

Journal and Letters of Philip Vickers Fithian: a Plantation Tutor of the Old Dominion, 1773-1774

The Journal to Eliza and Various Letters

Letters From Palestine

Letters of a Javanese Princess

Letters of a Lunatic: A Brief Exposition of My University Life, During the Years 1853-54

Letters of a Woman Homesteader

Letters of Alexander Von Humboldt to Varnhagen Von Ense

The Letters of Ambrose Bierce

The Letters of Amerigo Vespucci

The Letters of Anne Gilchrist and Walt Whitman

Letters of Anton Chekhov

Letters of Asa Gray; Vol. 1

Letters of Asa Gray; Vol. 2

The Letters of Charles Dickens, Vol. 1, 1833-1856

The Letters of Charles Dickens, Vol. 2, 1857-1870

The Letters of Charles Dickens, Vol. 3, 1836-1870

The Letters of Cicero, Volume 1

Letters of David Ricardo to Thomas Robert Malthus, 1810-1823

Letters of Edward Fitzgerald to Fanny Kemble (1871-1883)

The Letters of Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Volume I

The Letters of Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Volume II

Letters of Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy from Italy and Switzerland

Letters of Felix Mendelssohn to Ignaz and Charlotte Moscheles

Letters of Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy From 1833 to 1847

Letters of Franz Liszt, Volume 1, “From Paris to Rome: Years of Travel as a Virtuoso”

Letters of Franz Liszt, Volume 2: “From Rome to the End”

The Letters of Henry James, Vol. I

The Letters of Henry James, Vol. II

Letters of Horace Walpole — Volume I

Letters of Horace Walpole — Volume II

The Letters of Jane Austen

Letters of John Calvin, Volume I (of 4)

Letters of John Calvin, Volume II (of 4)

Letters of John Keats to Fanny Brawne

Letters of John Keats to His Family and Friends

The Letters of Lord Nelson to Lady Hamilton, Vol. I

The Letters of Lord Nelson to Lady Hamilton, Vol. II

Letters of Lt.-Col. George Brenton Laurie

The Letters of Mark Twain, Complete

The Letters of Queen Victoria, Vol. 1, 1837-1843

The Letters of Queen Victoria, Vol. 2, 1844-1853

The Letters of Queen Victoria, Vol. 3, 1854-1861

The Letters of Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Vol. 1 (of 2) 1845-1846

The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson to His Family and Friends - Volume 1

The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson to His Family and Friends - Volume 2

The Letters of S. Ambrose, Bishop of Milan

Letters of Samuel Rutherford

Letters of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Vol. I

Letters of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Vol. II

Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho, an African

Letters of Ulysses S. Grant to His Father and His Youngest Sister, 1857-78

The Letters of William James, Vol. I

The Letters of William James, Vol. II

The Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Vol. 1

Letters to a Friend

Letters to His Children

Letters to His Mother, Ann Borrow

Letters to His Wife Mary Borrow

Lettres d’un Innocent: The Letters of Captain Dreyfus to His Wife

Life and Correspondence of David Hume, Volume I

Life and Correspondence of David Hume, Volume II

The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Volume I

The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Volume II

The Life and Letters of Lafcadio Hearn, Volume 1

The Life and Letters of Lafcadio Hearn, Volume 2

The Life and Letters of Maria Edgeworth, Vol. 1

The Life and Letters of Maria Edgeworth, Vol. 2

The Life and Letters of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, Volume I

The Life and Letters of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, Volume II

The Life and Letters of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Vol. I

The Life and Letters of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Vol. II

The Life and Letters of Walter H. Page, Volume I

Life and Public Services of Martin R. Delany

The Life and Teaching of Karl Marx

The Life of Charlotte Bronte - Volume 1

The Life of Charlotte Bronte - Volume 2

The Life of Clara Barton, Vol. I

The Life of Clara Barton, Vol. II

The Life of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Civil Engineer

The Life of John Ruskin

Life of Octavia Hill as Told in Her Letters

The Life of Robert, Lord Clive, Vol. 1 (of 3)

The Life of Robert, Lord Clive, Vol. 2 (of 3)

The Life of Robert, Lord Clive, Vol. 3 (of 3)

The Life of Sir Isaac Newton

Louisa May Alcott : Her Life, Letters, and Journals

The Love Letters of Dorothy Osborne to Sir William Temple, 1652-54

The Love Letters of Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn

The Love Letters of Mary Wollstonecraft to Gilbert Imlay

Love Letters of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Volume 1

Love Letters of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Volume 2

Lucy Larcom: Life, Letters, and Diary

The March of Portola and the Discovery of the Bay of San Francisco

Maria Mitchell: Life, Letters, and Journals

Memoir and Correspondence of Caroline Herschel

Memoirs, Correspondence and Manuscripts of General Lafayette

Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin; Written by Himself. Vol. 1

Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin; Written by Himself, Vol. 2

The Memoirs of Charles-Lewis, Baron de Pollnitz, Volume I

The Memoirs of Charles-Lewis, Baron de Pollnitz, Volume II

Memoirs of Doctor Burney, Vol. 1

Memoirs of Doctor Burney, Vol. 2

Memoirs of Doctor Burney, Vol. 3

Memoirs of Journeys to Venice and the Low Countries

Memorials of the Life of Amelia Opie, Selected and Arranged from her Letters, Diaries, and other Manuscripts

Memories of Jane Cunningham Croly, “Jenny June”

Michael Faraday, His Life and Work

A Minor War History Compiled From a Soldier Boy’s Letters to “The Girl I Left Behind Me” - 1861-1864

Miss Eden’s Letters

More Letters of Charles Darwin

More Letters of Charles Darwin Volume II

Music-Study in Germany, from the Home Correspondence of Amy Fay

Napoleon’s Letters to Josephine

The Narrative of Lunsford Lane, Formerly of Raleigh, N.C.

Narrative of New Netherland, 1609-1664

The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

The Narrative of William W. Brown, a Fugitive Slave

The Negro in Literature and Art in the United States

The Negro in the American Rebellion

The Normans in England (1066-1154)

One Year in Scandinavia

Oscar Wilde, Volume 2 (of 2), His Life and Confessions

The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln, Volume One

The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln, Volume Two

The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln, Volume Three

The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln, Volume Five

The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln, Volume Six

The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln, Volume Seven

Personal Recollections, From Early Life to Old Age, of Mary Somerville

The PG Edition of Chesterfield’s Letters to His Son

Prisons & Prisoners: Some Personal Experiences by Lady Constance Lytton

Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1

Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2

Private Papers of William Wilberforce

Recollections of the Civil War

Records of Later Life

Records of the Spanish Inquisition, Translated from the Original Manuscripts

The Red Record

The Reformation and the Renaissance (1485-1547)

Rossa’s Recollections, 1838 to 1898

A Sailor of King George

Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman

Selected English Letters (XV - XIX Centuries)

Selected Letters of Saint Jane Frances de Chantal

Shadow and Light

A Social History of the American Negro

Source Book of London History, From the Earliest Times to 1800

Speeches and Letters of Abraham Lincoln, 1832-1865

St. Dionysius of Alexandria: Letters and Treatises

Ti-Ping Tien-Kwoh: The History of the Ti-Ping Revolution (Volume I)

Ti-Ping Tien-Kwoh: The History of the Ti-Ping Revolution (Volume II)

Tuskegee & Its People: Their Ideals and Achievements

The Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri: or, Memoirs of Jahangir

Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri: or, Memoirs of Jahangir (volume 2 of 2)

Twelve Years a Slave

Twenty-Two Years a Slave, and Forty Years a Freeman

The Underground Railroad

The Underground Railroad - From Slavery to Freedom: A Comprehensive History

The Unwritten History of Old St. Augustine

Up From Slavery: an Autobiography

War and Misrule (1307-1399)

Washington’s Masonic Correspondence

Where the Twain Meet

The Works of Charles and Mary Lamb, Vol. 5

The Works of Charles and Mary Lamb, Vol. 6

The Works of Lord Byron, Letters and Journals, Vol. 1

The Works of Lord Byron, Letters and Journals, Vol. 2

Works of Martin Luther, Vol. 1

Works of Martin Luther, Vol. 2

The Works of William Cowper

The Writings of Henry David Thoreau, Volume VI, Familiar Letters

The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. I (of 9)

The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. II (of 9)

The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. III (of 9)

The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. IV (of 9)

The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. V (of 9)

The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. VI (of 9)

The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. VII (of 9)

York and Lancaster, 1399-1485